Taxon DRAFT Profile

Version: 0.1-DRAFT-2018_09_26 (25 September 2018)

Bioschemas specification for describing a biological taxon

If you spot any errors or omissions with this type, please file an issue in our GitHub.

Schema.org hierarchy

This Profile fits into the schema.org hierarchy as follows:

Thing > BioChemEntity

Description

This profile aims to denote a taxon by common properties such as its scientific name, authority, taxonomic rank and vernacular names. It is also a means to link to existing taxonomic registers where each taxon has a URI.

Latest profiles

Latest release: 1.0-RELEASE

Latest draft: 0.8-DRAFT

Previous profiles

Previous version: 0.1-DRAFT-2018_09_25

Contributors

The following people have been involved in the creation of this specification document. They are all members of the Biodiversity group.

Group Leader(s)

Franck Michel

Leyla Jael Castro

Other team members

Group	Use Cases	Cross Walk	Task & Issues	Examples	Live Deploys
Biodiversity

You can read the release version of this specification here.

Key to specification table

Green properties/types are proposed by Bioschemas, or indicate proposed changes by Bioschemas to Schema.org
Red properties/types exist in the core of Schema.org
Blue properties/types exist in the pending area of Schema.org
Black properties/types are reused from external vocabularies/ontologies

CD = Cardinality

//Property: additionalType
{
    "@type" : [ "BioChemEntity", "Taxon" ],
    "additionalType": "dwc:Taxon"
}

//Property: alternateName
{
    "alternateName": "Balaena albicans Muller, 1776"
}

//Property: name
{
    "name": "Delphinapterus leucas"
}

//Property: rank
{
    "tc:rank": [
      "http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonRank#Species",
      "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7432"
    ]
}

//Property: sameAs
{
    "sameAs": [
        "http://eol.org/pages/328541",
        "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beluga_whale",
        "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/details/species/id/6850357",
        "http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6335"
    ]
}

//Property: scientificName
{
    "dwc:scientificName": "Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)"
}

//Property: scientificNameAuthorship
{
    "dwc:scientificNameAuthorship": "(Pallas, 1776)"
}

//Property: taxonRank
{
    "dwc:taxonRank": "species"
}

//Property: vernacularName
{
    "dwc:vernacularName": [
        { "@language": "en", "@value": "Beluga Whale" },
        { "@language": "fr", "@value": "Bélouga" }
    ]
}

Property	Expected Type	Description	CD	Controlled Vocabulary	Example
Marginality: Minimum.
@context	URL	Used to provide the context (namespaces) for the JSON-LD file. Not needed in other serialisations.	ONE		Property ≪@context≫ example `{ "@context": "https://schema.org/" }`
@type	Text	Schema.org/Bioschemas class for the resource declared using JSON-LD syntax. For other serialisations please use the appropriate mechanism. While it is permissible to provide multiple types, it is preferred to use a single type.	MANY	Schema.org, Bioschemas	Property ≪@type≫ example `{ "@type": "BioChemEntity" }`
@id	IRI	Used to distinguish the resource being described in JSON-LD. For other serialisations use the appropriate approach.	ONE		Property ≪@id≫ example `{ "@id": "http://example.com/entity/A12345" }`
dct:conformsTo	IRI	Used to state the Bioschemas profile that the markup relates to. The versioned URL of the profile must be used. Note that we use a CURIE in the table here but the full URL for Dublin Core terms must be used in the markup (http://purl.org/dc/terms/conformsTo), see example.	ONE	Bioschemas profile versioned URL	Property ≪dct:conformsTo≫ example `{ "http://purl.org/dc/terms/conformsTo": { "@id": "https://bioschemas.org/profiles/Taxon/0.1-DRAFT-2018_09_26", "@type": "CreativeWork" } }`
name	Text	Schema: The name of the item. Bioschemas: Taxon name (without authorship nor date information) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.	ONE		Property ≪name≫ example `{ "name": "Delphinapterus leucas" }`
Marginality: Recommended.
isContainedIn	BioChemEntity	Schema: Indicates a BioChemEntity that this BioChemEntity is (in some sense) part of. Bioschemas: Direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon	ONE
rank	URL	Bioschemas: The taxonomic rank of this name given as a URI from a controled vocabulary, typically the ranks from TDWG TaxonRank ontology or equivalent Wikidata URIs	MANY		Property ≪rank≫ example `{ "tc:rank": [ "http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonRank#Species", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7432" ] }`
url	URL	Schema: URL of the item. BioChemEntity: Link to the official webpage associated to this entity. Bioschemas: Link to the webpage associated with this taxon	ONE
Marginality: Optional.
additionalType	URL	Schema: An additional type for the item, typically used for adding more specific types from external vocabularies in microdata syntax. This is a relationship between something and a class that the thing is in. In RDFa syntax, it is better to use the native RDFa syntax - the ‘typeof’ attribute - for multiple types. Schema.org tools may have only weaker understanding of extra types, in particular those defined externally. BioChemEntity: Whenever a suitable profile exists, the profile type should be used in addition to the BioChemEntity type. Other additional types are always possible via the additionalType property. For instance, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 is the type used for the Protein profile but http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_010043 or https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8054 can be used as an additionalType if that results useful somehow to the data providers. Bioschemas: A Taxon type from a well known vocabulary, e.g. DarwinCore http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Taxon or http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/TaxonConcept#TaxonConcept	MANY		Property ≪additionalType≫ example `{ "@type" : [ "BioChemEntity", "Taxon" ], "additionalType": "dwc:Taxon" }`
alternateName	Text	Schema: An alias for the item. Bioschemas: Scientific name, possibly including authorship and date information, of a synonym of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.	MANY		Property ≪alternateName≫ example `{ "alternateName": "Balaena albicans Muller, 1776" }`
sameAs	URL	Schema: URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item’s identity. E.g. the URL of the item’s Wikipedia page, Wikidata entry, or official website. Bioschemas: URL of third-party webpages describing the same taxon	MANY		Property ≪sameAs≫ example `{ "sameAs": [ "http://eol.org/pages/328541", "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beluga_whale", "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/details/species/id/6850357", "http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6335" ] }`
scientificName	Text	Bioschemas: Full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known	ONE		Property ≪scientificName≫ example `{ "dwc:scientificName": "Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)" }`
scientificNameAuthorship	Text	Bioschemas: Authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclatural Code. Example: “(Torr.) J.T. Howell”, “(Martinovský) Tzvelev”, “(Györfi, 1952)”	ONE		Property ≪scientificNameAuthorship≫ example `{ "dwc:scientificNameAuthorship": "(Pallas, 1776)" }`
taxonRank	Text	Bioschemas: The taxonomic rank of this name given as a literal	ONE		Property ≪taxonRank≫ example `{ "dwc:taxonRank": "species" }`
vernacularName	Text	Bioschemas: A vernacular (common) name of the taxon	MANY		Property ≪vernacularName≫ example `{ "dwc:vernacularName": [ { "@language": "en", "@value": "Beluga Whale" }, { "@language": "fr", "@value": "Bélouga" } ] }`